Великий китайский файрвол - Джеймс Гриффитс
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201
D. Ownby, Falun Gong and the Future of China, New York NY: Oxford University Press, 2008, p. 138.
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Программа, которую разрабатывали в рамках проекта по установке комплекса цензурных фильтров на все компьютеры, продающиеся в Китае. Впоследствии от проекта отказались.
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‘A technical analysis of the Chinese “Green Dam Youth-Escort” censorship software’, WikiLeaks, 10 June 2009, https://wikileaks.org/wiki/A_technical_analysis_of_the_Chinese_%27Green_Dam_Youth-Escort%27_censorship_software
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J. Ng, Blocked on Weibo: what gets suppressed on China’s version of Twitter (and why), New York NY: The New Press, 2013, p. 42.
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Интервью автора с Биллом Ся, сентябрь 2017 г.
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V. Beiser, ‘Digital weapons help dissidents punch holes in China’s Great Firewall’, Wired, 1 November 2010, https://www.wired.com/2010/11/ff_firewallfighters/
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I. Clarke, ‘A distributed decentralised information storage and retrieval system’, master’s thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999, https://freenetproject.org/papers/ddisrs.pdf
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R. Sandvik, ‘The New York Times is now available as a Tor Onion service’, The New York Times, 27 October 2017, https://open.nytimes.com/https-open-nytimes-com-the-new-york-times-as-a-tor-onion-service-e0d0b67b7482
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J. Biggs, ‘Daily Stormer has officially retreated to the dark web’, TechCrunch, 24 August 2017, https://techcrunch.com/2017/08/24/daily-stormer-has-officially-retreated-to-the-dark-web/
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J. Damm and S. Thomas, Chinese Cyberspaces: technological changes and political effects, Abingdon: Routledge, 2006, p. 70.
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Раздел с информацией о программах UltraSurf и UltraReach, UltraSurf, 2018, https://ultrasurf.us/about/
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C. Callanan, H. Dries-Ziekenheiner, A. Escudero-Pascual and R. Guerra, Leaping Over the Firewall: a review of censorship circumvention tools, Washington DC: Freedom House, 2011, https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/Censorship.pdf
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‘J. Applebaum, Technical Analysis of the Ultrasurf Proxying Software, Cambridge MA: Tor Project, 2012, p. 1, https://media.torproject.org/misc/2012-04-16-ultrasurf-analysis.pdf
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Сейчас UltraSurf рекомендует пользователям проверять цифровую подпись инсталлятора по списку на сайте для защиты от атак на уровне дистрибутива. См.: https://ultrasurf.us/verify/
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‘Tor’s critique of Ultrasurf: a reply from the Ultrasurf developers’, UltraSurf, 16 April 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20170515185101/https://ultrasurf.us/Ultrasurf-response-to-Tor-definitive-review.pdf
216
Beiser, ‘Digital weapons help dissidents punch holes in China’s Great Firewall’.
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Устав компании Global Internet Freedom Inc., штат Северная Каролина, 2001 г.
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J. Hudson, ‘US repeals propaganda ban, spreads government-made news to Americans’, Foreign Policy, 14 July 2013, http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/07/14/u-s-repeals-propaganda-ban-spreads-government-made-news-to-americans/
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‘Mission’, Broadcasting Board of Governors, https://www.bbg.gov/who-we-are/mission/
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‘Radio Free Asia’, Congressional Report, 24 October 1997, https://web.archive.org/web/20070927001620/http://opencrs.cdt.org/rpts/97-52_19971024.pdf
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Китайский язык как будто специально создан для обхода цензурных фильтров, ведь это тональный язык, в котором мало изолированных фонем. Самый известный пример: словосочетание, которое пишется 肏你妈 и означает что-то вроде «** твою мать», произносится примерно так же, как 草泥马 («болотная лошадь») – «цао ни ма».
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J. Ramirez, ‘Internet freedom group helps dissidents abroad’, Newsweek, 25 January 2010, http://www.newsweek.com/internet-freedom-group-helps-dissidents-abroad-71155
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Broadcasting Board of Governors, ‘Dynamic Internet Technology Inc. in Secaucus, NJ, Mailing and Distribution Services (R604)’, 28 August 2007.
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‘S. Rimensnyder, ‘Triangle Boy howdy’, Reason, March 2002, https://reason.com/archives/2002/03/01/triangle-boy-howdy; M. Johnson, ‘CIA-backed venture eyes anonymity software’, CNN, 15 February 2001, http://edition.cnn.com/2001/TECH/internet/02/15/anonymity.software.idg/index.html
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S. Hsu, ‘Triangle Boy white paper’, SafeWeb, 2001, http://www.webrant.com/safeweb_site/html/www/tboy_whitepaper.html
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P. Roberts, ‘Symantec purchases SSL VPN maker SafeWeb’, Computer World, 20 October 2003, https://www.computerworld.com/article/2572939/security0/symantec-purchases-ssl-vpn-maker-safeweb.html
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S. Zhou, ‘Global internet freedom: corporate responsibility and the rule of law’, US Senate Subcommittee on Human Rights and the Law, 20 May 2008, https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/meetings/global-internet-freedom-corporate-responsibility-and-the-rule-of-law
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‘H.R.2764: Consolidated Appropriations Act’, US Congress, 2008, https://www.congress.gov/bill/110th-congress/house-bill/2764/text
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J. Pomfret, ‘US risks China’s ire with decision to fund software maker tied to Falun Gong’, The Washington Post, 11 May 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/11/AR2010051105154.html
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Pomfret, ‘US risks China’s ire with decision to fund software maker tied to Falun Gong.
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A. Sullivan, ‘Twitter maintenance?’, The Atlantic, 15 June 2009, https://www.theatlantic.com/daily-dish/archive/2009/06/twitter-i-maintenance-i/200310/
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J. Last, ‘Tweeting while Tehran burns’, Weekly Standard, 17 August 2009, http://www.weeklystandard.com/tweeting-while-tehran-burns/article/240739
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M. Pfeifle, ‘A Nobel Peace Prize for Twitter?’, Christian Science Monitor, 6 July 2009, https://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2009/0706/p09s02-coop.html
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Евгений Морозов. Интернет как иллюзия. Обратная сторона сети», пер. И. Кригера. М.: АСТ; Corpus, 2014.
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‘The Clinton internet doctrine’, The Wall Street Journal, 23 January 2010, https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704320104575014560882205670
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M. Lander and B. Stelter, ‘Washington taps into a potent new force in diplomacy’, The New York Times, 16 June 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/world/middleeast/17media.html
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Хотя в том году награда досталась Бараку Обаме, который провел на посту президента к тому моменту меньше года, так что, возможно, предложение наградить Twitter и не было таким абсурдным.
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C. Smith et al., The Internet in China: a tool for freedom or suppression? Washington DC: Committee on International Relations, US House of Representatives, SN109–157, 2006, p. 1; ‘Internet in China’ [video], C-Span, 26 February 2006, https://www.c-span.org/video/?191220-1/internet-china
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J. Goldsmith and T. Wu, Who Controls the Internet?: Illusions of a borderless world, New York NY: Oxford University Press, 2006, p. 10.
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S. Levy, In the Plex: how Google thinks, works, and shapes our lives, New York NY: Simon and Schuster, 2011, pp. 278–80.
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C. Thompson, ‘Google’s China problem (and China’s Google problem)’, The New York Times Magazine, 23 April 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/23/magazine/23google.html?pagewanted=all
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J. Goldsmith, ‘WCIT-12: an opinionated primer and hysteria-debunker’, LawFare, 30 November 2012, https://www.lawfareblog.com/wcit-12-opinionated-primer-and-hysteria-debunker Levy, In the Plex, p. 281.
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K. Lee, ‘Google 和中国, Kai-fu’s Student Network, 2005, https://web.archive.org/web/20050812012559/http://www.kaifulee.com:80/Articles/googleandchina.htm
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A. McLaughlin, ‘Google in
