Джон Фицджеральд Кеннеди - Алан Бринкли

125

JFK to Adlai Stevenson, January 5, 1960, JFKL; Stevenson to JFK January 5, 1960, JFKL

126

Sacramento Bee, July 29, 1960; Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. to JFK, May 25, 1960, JFKL; William McCormick Blair Jr. to JFK, August 12, 1960, JFKL; John Bartlow Martin, Adlai Stevenson and the World (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1977), pp. 521–25.

127

Martin, Adlai Stevenson and the World, p. 449. See also JFK to Adlai Stevenson, January 5, 1960, JFKL; Stevenson to JFK, January n. d., 1960, JFKL.

128

Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 64–66. See also Schlesinger to JFK, June 6, 1960, JFKL.

129

Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 67–69.

130

Ibid., pp. 69–70.

131

White, Making of the President, 1960, pp. 163–64.

132

New York Times, July 14, 1960. See also Baker, The Stevensons, pp. 401–5.

133

Time, July 18, 1960.

134

White, Making of the President, 1960, pp. 131–35.

135

Time, July 11, 1960; White, Making of the President, 1960, p. 155.

136

New York Times, July 14, 15, 1960; White, Making of the President, 1960, pp. 163–67.

137

Milton Gwertzman, «Counterattack Sourcebook,» August 10, 1960, JFKL.

138

Time, July 25, 1960; Donaldson, The First Modern Campaign, pp. 78–81.

139

New York Times, July 16, 1960.

140

John F. Kennedy, «The New Frontier,» July 15, 1960, JFKL.

141

«The Election of John F. Kennedy, President of the United States,» film, n.d., 1961, JFKL.

142

White, The Making of the President, 1960, pp. 309–10; Richard M. Nixon, RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon (New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1978), pp. 218–19.

143

Schlesinger, Journals, p. 85; Richard M. Nixon, Six Crises (New York: Doubleday, 1962), p. 323.

144

Donaldson, The First Modern Campaign, pp. 110–13, 119.

145

Sidney Kraus, ed., The Great Debates (Blooming-ton: Indiana University Press, 1962), pp. 348–50.

146

Ibid., pp. 350–52.

147

White, The Making of the President, 1960, pp. 286–87; Sorensen, Counselor, p. 190.

148

Dallek, An Unfinished Life, pp. 292–94.

149

«Remarks of Senator John F. Kennedy at Howard University,» Washington, D.C., October 7, 1960, JFKL.

150

Nixon, RN, pp. 216–17.

151

JFK, Armory speech, Hyannis, Mass., November 9, 1960, JFKL.

152

Richard Reeves, President Kennedy: Profi le of Power (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993), p. 25.

153

Ibid., p. 44.

154

Dallek, An Unfinished Life, p. 300; New York Times, November 10, 1960, January 11, 17, 1961.

155

Sorensen, Counselor, pp. 201–3; Andrew Preston, The War Council: McGeorge Bundy, the NSC, and Vietnam (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2006), pp. 38–45.

156

Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 93–96.

157

Bradlee, Conversations with Kennedy, pp. 142–43.

158

Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978), p. 230.

159

Ibid.

160

Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, p. 232.

161

Dallek, An Unfi nished Life, pp. 316–17; Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, pp. 228–29, 232–33; Evan Thomas, Robert Kennedy: His Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2000), pp. 109–13.

162

Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 95–96.

163

Ibid.

164

Ibid., pp. 102–3.

165

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 31–33.

166

Garry Wills, The Kennedy Imprisonment: A Medi-tation on Power (Boston: Little, Brown, 1982), p. 112.

167

John F. Kennedy, «Inaugural Address,» January 20, 1961, PPP — JFK,1961, pp. 1–3.

168

Washington Post, January 21, 1961.

169

Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 126.

170

Theodore Sorensen, Kennedy (New York: Harper and Row, 1965), pp. 281–85.

171

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 88.

172

Wills, The Kennedy Imprisonment, p. 191.

173

Memorandum from the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Kennedy, May 16, 1961.

174

«White House Organization,» in David S. Patterson, ed., Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963 (Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 2001), pp. 29–31.

175

Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp. 206–7.

176

Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp. 355–56.

177

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 154; Bradlee, Conversations with Kennedy, pp. 118–19.

178

Schlesinger, Journals, p. 122.

179

Press conference transcript, January 18, 1961, President John F. Kennedy’s news conference, January 25, 1961, Evelyn Lincoln to Kermit Gordon, October 31, 1963, «What If Peace Breaks Out?» — memo for press conference, October 31, 1963, Press Conferences, 1961–1963, JFKL.

180

«Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union, January 30, 1961,» PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 19–28.

181

Sorensen, Kennedy, pp. 339–43.

182

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 55–56; Nick Bryant, The Bystander: John F. Kennedy and the Struggle for Black Equality (New York: Basic Books, 2006), pp. 221–41.

183

Robert Dallek, Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power (New York: Harper-Collins, 2007), p. 21.

184

«Special Message to the Congress on the Peace Corps,» March 1, 1961, «Address at a White House Reception for Members of Congress and for the Diplomatic Corps of the Latin American Republic,» March 13, 1961, PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 143–46, 170–75.

185

Dallek, An Unfinished Life, p. 370; Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp.187–205.

186

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 32.

187

New York Times, October 20, 1960.

188

«Plan for Cuba,» n. d., 1961, JFKL.

189

«Evaluation of Proposed Supplementary Phase,» March 10, 1961, JFKL; «Discussion — TOP SECRET,» n. d., JFKL.

190

Peter Wyden, The Bay of Pigs: The Untold Story (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1962), p. 95.

191

Ibid., p. 94.

192

Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. to JFK, February 11, 1961, March 10, 1961, JFKL; Adlai Stevenson to JFK, April 27, 1961, JFKL.

193

Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 109–12. См. также Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp. 245–49.

194

James W. Hilty, Robert Kennedy: Brother Protector (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1997), p. 277.

195

«Details of Proposed Supplementary Phase to the CIA Para-Military Plan, Cuba,» March 10, 1961, JFKL; McGeorge Bundy to JFK, February 8, 1961, JFKL; W. W. Rostow to JFK, February 6, 1961, JFKL; untitled CIA memo, n.d., 1961, NLK–79–185, JFKL.

196

«Discussion — TOP SECRET,» April n. d., 1961, JFKL; «Facts on the Problem — TOP SECRET,» n. d., 1961, JFKL.

197

Dallek, An Unfinished Life, p. 371.

198

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 82–83.

199

New York Times, April 14, 1961.

200

Wyden, Bay of Pigs, p. 269.

201

Ibid., p. 294.

202

«Cuban Freedom Brigade,» April 25, 1961, JFKL.

203

Haynes Johnson, The Bay of Pigs (New York: W. W. Norton, 1964), pp. 177–80.

204

Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 289.

205

Wyden, Bay of Pigs, pp. 305, 315. See also Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 120–21.

206

Thomas Fensch, ed., The Kennedy-Khrushchev Letters (Woodlands, Tex.: New Century Books, 2001), pp. 13–16.

207

Ibid., p. 18. See also Frederick Kempe, Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Most Dangerous Place on Earth (New York: G. P. Putnam, 2011), pp. 8–10.

208

Jacqueline Kennedy, Historic Conversations on Life with John Kennedy (New York: Hyperion, 2011), pp. 185–86.

209

Albert Gore Sr., interview, n.d., JFKL.

210

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 95, 677. См. также Kenneth P. O’Donnell and David F. Powers, Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye (Boston: Little, Brown, 1972), pp. 316–17; Hugh Sidey, John F. Kennedy: President (New York: Atheneum, 1964), p. 129.

211

Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 278.

212

Stanley Meisler, The United Nations: The First Fifty Years (New York: Grove Atlantic, 1995), p. 140.

213

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 140.

214

Ibid., p. 105.

215

«Statement by the President on the Tractors-for-Freedom Movement,» May 24, 1961, PPP — JFK, 1962, p. 201.

216

Schlesinger, Journals, p. 121.

217

Time, May 5, 1961; New York Times, June 3, 1961.

218

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 99.

219

Ibid., p. 294. См. также «Statement by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy,» April 24, 1961, JFKL.

220

«Special Message to the Congress on Urgent National Needs,» May 25, 1961, PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 396–406.

221

Marks Williamson, Spacecraft Technology: The Early Years (London: Institute of Engineering and Technology, 2006), p. 263.

222

«Remarks at a Meeting with the Headquarters Staff of the Peace Corps,» June 14, 1962, PPP — JFK, 1962, p. 485.

223

Алан Шепард совершил суборбитальный космический полет — космический полет летательного аппарата по баллистической траектории со скоростью недостаточной для выхода на орбиту, т. е. меньшей, чем первая космическая скорость.

224

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 286–88; Dallek, An Unfinished Life, pp. 651–53.

225

John Foster Dulles, «How Dulles Averted War,» Life, January 16, 1956, p. 78.

226

John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982), pp. 127–97.

227

Ibid., pp. 198–236; Wills, The Kennedy Imprison-ment, pp. 249–52; L. W. Nordheim, «Tests of Nuclear Weapons,» Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, September 1955, pp. 253–55, 272–73; Dorothy Zinberg, «The Public and Nuclear Waste Management,» Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, January 1979, pp. 34–39.

228

Robert Dallek, John F. Kennedy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 35.

229

Kempe, Berlin 1961, p. 209.

230

New York Times, June 1, 1961.

231

Washington Post, June 2, 1961.

232

Kempe, Berlin 1961, p. 217.

233

Charles Kenney, John F. Kennedy: The Presidential Portfolio (New York: PublicAffairs, 2000), p. 72.

234

Richard Rovere, New Yorker, June 17, 1961, p. 96.

235

Dallek, John F. Kennedy, p. 35.

236

«Memo of Correspondence Between N. S. Khrushchev and Robert F. Kennedy,» May n. d., 1961, JFKL.

237

Michael R. Beschloss, The Crisis Years: Kennedy and Khrushchev, 1960–1963 (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), pp. 164–65; Dallek, John F. Kennedy, p. 35; «Memo of Correspondence Between N. S. Khrushchev and Robert F. Kennedy,» May n. d., 1961, JFKL.

238

William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era (New York: W. W. Norton, 2003), pp. 490–91.

239

«Memos of Conversation,» Vienna meeting, June 3, 1961, JFKL.

240

O’Donnell and Powers, Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye, p. 342.

241

Kempe, Berlin 1961, pp. 234–36.

242

«Memos of Conversation,» June 3, 1961, JFKL; «Joint United States — Soviet Communique,» Gettysburg, Pa., n. d., 1959, JFKL; «Memoranda of Conversation,» Sep-tember 15, 26, 1959, JFKL; Dallek, John F. Kennedy, p. 36.

243

«President’s Meeting with Khrushchev, Laos — Talking Points,» June 3–4, 1961, JFKL; «Memoranda of Conversation,» June 3–4, 1961, JFKL.

244

«Memos of Conversation,» June 4, 1961, JFKL.

245

«Berlin: Questions That Might Be Raised,» n. d., 1961, JFKL.

246

«Memos of Conversation,» June 4, 1961, JFKL; Taubman, Khrushchev, p. 500.

247

John F. Stacks, Scotty: James B. Reston and the Rise and Fall of American Journalism (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), p. 199; New York Times, June 6, 1961. См. также Kempe, Berlin 1961, pp. 256–57.

248

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 176.

249

Preston, The War Council, p. 56.

250

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 179–81.

251

Ibid., p. 180.

252

Saturday Review, August 5, 1961, p. 3.

253

Spencer R. Weart, Nuclear Fear: A History of Images (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988), pp. 254–55.

254

Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 394.

255

R. Gerald Hughes, Britain, Germany, and the Cold War: The Search for a European Detente, 1949–1967 (Oxford: Routledge, 2007), p. 197. См. также «The President’s News Conference of July 19, 1961,» «Radio and Television Report to the American People on the Berlin Crisis, July 25, 1961,» PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 513–14, 533–34, 538; Time, July 14, 1961.

256

Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 212. See also Frederick Taylor, The Berlin Wall: A World Divided, 1961–1989 (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), p. 146; Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 394.

257

New York Times, October 21, 1961.

258

Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 246–47.

259

New York Times, October 28, 1961.

260

Kennedy, «Address in Los Angeles at a Dinner of the Democratic Party of California, November 18, 1961,» PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 733–36. См. также David Talbot, Brothers: The Hidden Story of the Kennedy Years (New York: Free Press, 2007), p. 75.

261

Jeff Shesol, Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud that Defined a Decade (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997), p. 127.

262

Chester Bowles, Promises to Keep: My Years in Public Life, 1941–1969 (New York: Harper and Row, 1971), p. 343.

263

Thomas, Robert Kennedy, pp. 147, 157.

264

Mark J. White, The Kennedys and Khrushchev: The Declassified Documentary History (New York: Ivan R. Dee, 2001), p. 78.

265

Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, p. 492.