Великий китайский файрвол - Джеймс Гриффитс
Шрифт:
Интервал:
Закладка:
540
T. Kramer, ‘Development and progress of the World Conference on International Telecommunications currently being held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates until December 14, 2012’, US Department of State, 6 December 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20121208055049/https://www.state.gov/e/eb/rls/rm/2012/201637.htm
541
Интервью автора с Илаем Дорадо, август 2017 г.
542
E. Dourado, ‘Behind closed doors at the UN’s attempted “takeover of the internet”’, Ars Technica, 20 December 2012, https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2012/12/behind-closed-doors-at-the-uns-attempted-takeover-of-the-internet/
543
Russia, UAE, China, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Sudan and Egypt, ‘Proposals for the work of the conference’, WCITLeaks, 5 December 2012, http://files.wcitleaks.org/public/Merged%20UAE%20081212.pdf
544
K. McCarthy, ‘Leaked document confirms fears of UN Internet powergrab’, nxt, 8 December 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20130218124106/http://news.dot-nxt.com/2012/12/14/leaked-document-confirms-fears
545
E. Dourado, ‘Behind closed doors at the UN’s attempted “takeover of the internet”’.
546
D. Burstein and G. Lynch, ‘WCIT bombshell: Russia withdraws internet regulation push, apparently under ITU pressure’, Commsday, 10 December 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20170519042116/https://www.commsday.com/russia-combines-with-china-arab-states-on-dramatic-internet-regulatory-push/
547
M. Smith and J. Menn, ‘Opposing camps dig in on internet treaty talks’, Reuters, 13 December 2012, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-telecom-treaty-itu/opposing-camps-dig-in-on-internet-treaty-talks-idUSBRE8BB1KS20121213
548
Пленарное заседание № 14, расшифровка, WCIT, 2012.
549
R. Pepper and C. Sharp, ‘Summary report of the ITU-T World Conference on International Telecommunications’, Internet Protocol Journal 16, no. 1 (2013), https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/about/press/internet-protocol-journal/back-issues/table-contents-59/161-wcit.html; K. Salaets, ‘A blow to internet freedom’, Information Technology Industry Council, 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20170805165237/https://www.itic.org/news-events/techwonk-blog/a-blow-to-internet-freedom
550
G. Guillemin, ‘WCIT: what happened and what it means for the internet’, European Digital Rights, 2012, https://edri.org/edrigramnumber10-24wcit-what-happend/
551
D. Shambaugh, China Goes Global: the partial power, New York NY: Oxford University Press, 2013, p. 137.
552
Human Rights Watch, The Costs of International Advocacy: China’s interference in United Nations human rights mechanisms, Washington DC: Human Rights Watch, 2017, https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/09/05/costs-international-advocacy/chinas-interference-united-nations-human-rights
553
W3C invites Chinese web developers, industry, academia to assume greater role in global web innovation’, W3C, 20 January 2013, https://www.w3.org/2013/01/china-host.html.en
554
Internet Society, ‘Successful IETF meeting reflects growing contribution of Chinese engineering’, Internet Society Newsletter 9, no. 11 (2010), https://web.archive.org/web/20120924171300/http://www.internetsociety.org/articles/successful-ietf-meeting-reflects-growing-contribution-chinese-engineering
555
‘ICANN Engagement Center to open in Beijing’, ICANN, 8 April 2013, https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/press-materials/release-08apr13-en.pdf
556
‘ICANN hires domain name policy expert to head engagement in China’, ICANN, 30 March 2017, https://www.icann.org/resources/press-material/release-2017–03–30-en
557
J. Hu and O. Lam, ‘In quest for “ideological security”, China pushes to extend Communist Party influence inside tech firms’, Global Voices, 6 September 2017, https://globalvoices.org/2017/09/06/in-quest-for-ideological-security-china-pushes-to-extend-communist-party-influence-inside-tech-firms/
558
Y. Sheng, ‘Internet industry a “new ideological battleground”: expert’, Global Times, 28 October 2016, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1014448.shtml
559
Интервью автора с Питером Майсеком, июль 2017 г.
560
S. Kalathil, Beyond the Great Firewall: how China became a global information power, Washington DC: Center for International Media Assistance, 2017, p. 22, https://www.cima.ned.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/CIMA-Beyond-the-Great-Firewall_150ppi-for-web.pdf
561
Xinhua, ‘China’s Zhao Houlin elected as secretary-general of ITU’, China Daily, 23 October 2014, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2014–10/23/content_18790932.htm
562
H. Touré, ‘Candidacy for the post of secretary-general’, International Telecommunications Union, 4 November 2013, http://files.wcitleaks.org/public/S14-PP-C-0010!! MSW-E.pdf
563
S. Oster, ‘Whose internet is it anyway? China wields more influence’, Bloomberg, 21 November 2014, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-11-21/whose-internet-is-it-anyway-china-wields-more-influence
564
‘Interview with Houlin Zhao, ITU secretary-general elect’, International Telecommunications Union, 2014, https://www.itu.int/en/plenipotentiary/2014/Pages/zhao-interview.aspx
565
Y. Kang, ‘Internet censorship matter of interpretation: Zhao’, Yonhap, 23 October 2014, http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/full/2014/10/23/50/1200000000AEN20141023005000320F.html
566
A. Soldatov and I. Borogan, The Red Web: the struggle between Russia’s digital dictators and the new online revolutionaries, New York NY: PublicAffairs, 2015, p. 235.
567
‘Position paper of China on the overall review of the implementation of the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)’, Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the UN, 12 August 2015, http://www.china-un.org/eng/gdxw/t1288450.htm
568
D. Levin, ‘At UN, China tries to influence fight over internet control’, The New York Times, 16 December 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/17/technology/china-wins-battle-with-un-over-word-in-internet-control-document.html
569
S. Tian, ‘Xi urges internet expansion, int’l cooperation, “order”’, Xinhua, 16 December 2015, http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2015–12/16/c_134923095.htm
570
‘President Xi Jinping delivers a keynote speech at 2015 World Internet Conference’, [video], CGTN, 15 December 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNR3MV9C2-Q
571
G. Barmé, ‘Introduction: under one heaven’, The China Story, 2015, https://www.thechinastory.org/yearbooks/yearbook-2014/introduction-under-one-heaven/
572
N. Kristof, ‘Looking for a jump-start in China’, The New York Times, 5 January 2013, https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/06/opinion/sunday/kristof-looking-for-a-jump-start-in-china.html
573
C. Buckley, ‘Xi Jinping assuming new status as China’s “core” leader’, The New York Times, 4 February 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/05/world/asia/china-president-xi-jinping-core.html
574
‘Wuzhen’, World Internet Conference, 8 November 2017, http://www.wuzhenwic.org/2017–11/08/c_46138.htm
575
P. Carsten, ‘At China online coming-out party, Beijing spells out internet control ambition’, Reuters, 25 November 2014, https://www.reuters.com/article/china-internet-wuzhen/at-china-online-coming-out-party-beijing-spells-out-internet-control-ambition-idUSL3N0TE02V20141125
576
China Digital Times, 19 November 2014, https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2014/11/bbc-%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%BC%80%E5%B9%95-%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3%E8%B0%88%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F/
577
C. Shu, ‘China tried to get world internet conference attendees to endorse this ridiculous draft declaration’, TechCrunch, 21 November 2014, https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/20/worldinternetconference-declaration/
578
‘The internet in China: protecting internet security’, Information Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, 2010, http://www.china.org.cn/government/whitepaper/2010-06/08/content_20207978.htm
579
E. Osnos, ‘Can China maintain sovereignty over the internet?’, The New Yorker, 10 June 2010, https://www.newyorker.com/news/evan-osnos/can-china-maintain-sovereignty-over-the-internet
580
Z. Ye, ‘对网络主权的思考’, 20 July 2015, http://theory.people.com.cn/n/2015/0720/c386965-27332547.html
581
D. Bandurski, ‘Thoughts on “internet sovereignty”’, China Media Project, 2 October 2015, https://medium.com/@cmphku/thoughts-on-internet-sovereignty-ae18a125b89e
582
D. Bandurski, ‘Two share a boat’, China Media Project, 29 September 2015, https://medium.com/@cmphku/two-share-a-boat-a5a22b60744
583
D. Bandurski, ‘Lu Wei on the “dream of the web”’, China Media Project, 17 February 2015, http://chinamediaproject.org/2015/02/17/lu-wei-on-the-dream-of-the-web/
584
