Управляющий мозг: Лобные доли, лидерство и цивилизация - Элхонон Голдберг

Глава 4. Архитектура мозга: начальные сведения

1. Подробнее см. обзор: Carpenter M. В., Parent А. Carpenter's Human Neuroanatomy. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1995.

2. Magoun H. W. The ascending reticular activating system // Res. Publ. Assoc. Nerv. a. Ment. Dis. 1952. № 30.

3. Подробнее см. обзор: Brain, behavior and evolution / Ed. by D. Oakley, H. Plotkin. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

4. Подробнее см. обзор: Carpenter M. В., Parent A. Carpenter's Human Neuroanatomy. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1995.

5. Ibidem.

6. LeDoux J. The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life. New York: Touchstone Books, 1998.

7. Grafman J. et al. Cognitive planning deficit in patients with cerebellar atrophy//Neurology. 1992. Vol. 42, № 8. P. 1493-1496; Lelner H. C, Lelner A. L., Dow R. S. Reappraising the cerebellum: what does the hindbrain contribute to the forebrain? // Behav. Neurosci. 1989. Vol. 103, № 5. P. 998-1008.

8. См.: Brain, behavior and evolution / Ed. by D. Oakley, H. Plotkin. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

9. McNaughton B. L., Morris R.G.M. Hippocampal synaptic enhancement and information storage // Trends Neurosci. 1987. 10. P. 408-415; McNaughton B. L. Associative pattern competition in hippocampal circuits: new evidence and new questions // Brain Res. Rev. 1991. Vol. 16. P. 202-204.

10. Milner В. Cues to the cerebral organization of memory // Cerebral correlates of conscious experience / Ed. by P. Buser, A. Rougeul-Buser. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1978. P. 139-153.

11. См.: Limbic system mechanisms and autonomic function / Ed. by С. H. Hockman. Springfield, Ill.: Charles С. Thomas, 1972.

12. Carter С. S. Botuinick M. M., Cohen J. D. The contribution of the anterior cingulate cortex to executive processes in cognition // Rev. Neurosci. 1999. Vol. 10, № 1. P. 49-57.

13. См. Oakley D., Plotkin H. (Eds.). Brain, behavior and evolution. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 1979.

14. Brodmann K. Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Grosshinrinde in ihren Prinzipien dargestellt auf Grund des Zellenbaues. Leipzig: Barth, 1909. Цит. по: Faster J. The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997.

15. Roberts G.W., Leigh P.N., Weinberger D. R. Neuropsychiatric Disorders. London: Wolfe, 1993.

16. Faster J. The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997.

17. Campbell A. W. Histological Studies on the Localization of Cerebral Function. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1905. Цит. по: Faster J. The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997.

18. Jackson H. Evolution and dissolution of the nervous system // Croonian Lecture. Selected papers 2. 1884.

19. Laria A. R. Higher Cortical Functions in Man. New York: Basic Books, 1966.

20. Damasio A. The Frontal Lobes // Clinical Neuropsychology / Ed. by K. Heilman, E. Valenstein. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. P. 360-412.

21. Faster J. The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997.

22. Goldman-Rakic P. S. Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory // Handbook of Physiology: Nervous System, Higher Functions of the Brain. Part 1. / Ed. by F. Plum. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Association, 1987. P. 373-417.

23. Stuss D. T., Benson D. F. The Frontal Lobes. New York: Raven Press, 1986.

24. Nauta W. J. Neural associations of the frontal cortex // Acta Neurobiol. Exp. 1972. Vol. 32, № 2. P. 125-140.

25. Jackson H. Evolution and dissolution of the nervous system // Croonian Lecture. Selected papers 2. 1884.

Глава 5. Первый ряд оркестра: кора головного мозга

1. Gall F.J. Sur le functions du cerveau. Vol. 1-6. Paris, 1822-1823.

2. Kleist К. Gehirnpathologie. Leiptzig: Barth, 1934.

3. Broca P. Remarques sur le-siege de la faculte du language articule // Bull. Soc. Anthrop. 1861. Vol. 6.

4. Wernicke С. Der aphasische Symptomencomplex. Breslau, 1874.

5. LeMay M. Morphological cerebral asymmetries of modern man, fossil man, and nonhuman primate // Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1976. Vol. 280. P. 349-366.

6. de Lacoste M. C, Horvath D. S., Woodward D. J. Possible sex differences in the developing human fetal brain // J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 1991. Vol. 13, № 6. P. 831-846.

7. LeMay M. Morphological cerebral asymmetries of modern man, fossil man, and nonhuman primate // Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1976. Vol. 280. P. 349-366.

8. Diamond M. С. Rat forebrain morphology: Right-left; male-female; young-old; enriched-impoverished // Cerebral laterality in nonhuman species / Ed. by S. D. Glick. New York: Academic Press, 1985; Diamond M. C., Dowling G. A, Johnson R. E. Morphologic cerebral cortical asymmetry in male and female rats // Exp. Neurol. 1981. Vol. 71, № 2. P. 261-268.

9. Geschwind N., Levitsky W. Human brain: left-right asymmetries in temporal speech region // Science. 1968. Vol. 161, № 837. P. 186-187.

10. LeMay AL, Geschwind N. Hemispheric differences in the brains of great apes // Brain. Behav. Evol. 1975. Vol. 11, № 1. P. 48-52.

11. Gannon P. J. et al. Asymmetry of chimpanzee planum temporale: humanlike pattern of Wernicke's brain language area homolog // Science. 1998. Vol. 279, № 5348. P. 220-222.

12. Glick S. D., Ross D. A, Hough L. B. Lateral asymmetry of neurotransmitters in human brain // Brain Res. 1982. Vol. 234, № 1. P. 53-63.

13. Sandu S., Cook P., Diamond M. C. Rat cortical estrogen receptors: Male-female, right-left // Experimental Neurology. 1985. Vol.92, № l. P. 186-196.

14. Glick S. D. et al. Multiple and interrelated functional asymmetries in rat brain // Life Sci. 1979. Vol. 25, № 4. P. 395-400.

15. Sholl S. A, Kim К L. Androgen receptors are differentially distributed between right and left cerebral hemispheres of the fetal male rhesus monkey // Brain Res. 1990. Vol. 516, № 1. P. 122-126.

16. Goldberg E., Costa L. D. Hemisphere differences in the acquisition and use of descriptive systems // Brain Lang. 1981. Vol. 14, № l. P. 144-173.

17. Simon H. The Sciences of the Artificial. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996.

18. Neural Networks and Natural Intelligence / Ed. by S. Grossberg. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1988.

19. Goldberg E., Costa L. D. Hemisphere differences in the acquisition and use of descriptive systems // Brain Lang. 1981. Vol. 14, № l. P. 144-173.

20. Обзоры компьютационных моделей нейронных сетей см.: Neural Networks and Natural Intelligence / Ed. by S. Grossberg. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1988; Jacobs R. A, Jordan M. I. Computational consequences of a bias toward short connections // Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 1992, 4. P. 323-336; Jacobs R. A., Jordan M. I., Barto A. G. Task decomposition through competition in a modular connectionist architecture: The what and where vision tasks // Cognitive Science. 1991. Vol. 15. P. 219-250.

21. Обзор см. в: Springer S., Deutsch G. Left Brain, Right Brain: Perspective from Cognitive Neuroscience. 5th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1997.

22. Bever Т. G., Chiarello R. J. Cerebral dominance in musicians and nonmusicians // Science. 1974. Vol. 185, № 150. P. 537-539.

23. Marzi C. A., Berlucchi G. Right visual field superiority for accuracy of recognition of famous faces in normals // Neuropsychologia. 1977. Vol. 15, № 6. P. 751-756.

24. Martin A., Wiggs C. L., Weisberg J. Modulation of human medial temporal lobe activity by form, meaning, and experience // Hippocampus. 1997. Vol. 7, № 6. P. 587-593.

25. Henson R., Shallice T., Dolan R. Neuroimaging Evidence for Dissociable Forms of Repetition Priming // Science. 2000. Vol. 287, № 5456. P. 1269-1272.

26. Gold J. M. et al. PET validation of a novel prefrontal task: Delayed response alteration // Neuropsychology. Vol. 10. 1996. P. 3-10.

27. Shadmehr R., Holcomb H. H. Neural correlates of motor memory consolidation // Science. 1997. Vol. 277, № 5327. P. 821-825.

28. Hater R. J. et al. Regional glucose metabolic changes after learning a complex visuospatial/motor task: a positron emission tomographic study // Brain Res. 1992. Vol. 570, № 1-2. P. 134-143.

29. Berns G. S., Cohen J. D., Mintun M. A. Brain regions responsive to novelty in the absence of awareness // Science. 1997. Vol. 276, № 5316. P. 1272-1275.

30. Raichle M. E. et al. Practice-related changes in human brain functional anatomy during nonmotor learning // Cereb. Cortex. 1994. Vol. 4, № 1. P. 26.

31. Tulving E. et al. Novelty and familiarity activations in PET studies of memory encoding and retrieval // Cereb. Cortex. 1996. Vol. 6, № 1. P. 71-79.

32. Vygotsky L. Thought and Language / Ed. by A. Kozulin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986.

33. Jaynes J. The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1990.

34. Gold J. M. et al. PET validation of a novel prefrontal task: Delayed response alteration // Neuropsychology. 1996. Vol. 10. P. 3-10; Haier R. J. et al. Regional glucose metabolic changes after learning a complex visuospatial/motor task: a positron emission tomographic study // Brain. Res. 1992. Vol. 570, № 1-2. P. 134-143; Raichle M. E. et al. Practice-related changes in human brain functional anatomy during nonmotor learning // Cereb. Cortex. 1994. Vol. 4, № 1. P. 8-26.

35. Fodor J. A. Precis of the Modularity of Mind // The Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 1985. Vol. 8. P. 1-42.

36. Goldberg E. Gradiental approach to neocortical functional organization // J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 1989. Vol. 11, № 4. P. 489-517.

37. Goldberg E. Higher Cortical Functions in Humans: The Gradiental Approach // Contemporary Neuropsychology and the Legacy of Luria / Ed. by E. Goldberg. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1990. P. 229-276.

38. Sacks 0. W. Scotoma: Forgetting and Neglect in Science // Hidden histories of Science / Ed. by R. B. Silver. New York: New York Review, 1996. P. 141-187.

39. Обзор см. в: Heilman K, Valenstein E. (Eds.) Clinical Neuropsychology. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

40. Goldberg E. Associative agnosias and the functions of the left hemisphere // J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 1990. Vol. 12, № 4. P. 467-484.

41. Goldberg E. Gradiental approach to neocortical functional organization // J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 1989. Vol. 11, № 4. P. 489-517.

42. Martin A., Ungerleider L. G., Haxby J. V. Category Specificity and the Brain: The Sensory/Motor Model of Semantic Representation of Objects // The New Cognitive Neuroscience / Ed. by M. S. Gazzaniga. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999.

43. Martin A. et al. Neural correlates of category-specific knowledge // Nature. 1996. Vol. 379, № 6566. P. 649-652.

44. Warrington E. K., Shallice T. Category specific semantic impairments // Brain 107, № Pt 3. 1984. P. 829-854; McCarthy R. A., Warrington E. K. Evidence for modality-specific meaning systems in the brain // Nature. 1988. Vol. 334, № 6181. P. 428-430.

Глава 6. Дирижёр : более детальный взгляд на лобные доли

1. Raichle M. E. et al. Practice-related changes in human brain functional anatomy during nonmotor learning // Cereb. Cortex. 1994. Vol. 4, № 1. P. 8-26.

2. Gold J. M. et al. PET validation of a novel prefrontal task: Delayed response alteration // Neuropsychology. 1996. Vol. 10. P. 3-10.

3. Jacobsen C. F. Functions of the frontal association area in primates // Archives of Neurological Psychaitry. 1935. Vol. 33. P. 558-569; Jacobsen C. F., Nissen H. W. Studies of cerebral function in primates. IV. The effects of frontal lobe lesion on the delayed alternation habit in monkeys // Journal of Comparative Physiological Psychology. 1937. Vol. 23. P. 101-112.

4. Luria A. R. Higher Cortical Functions in Man. New York: Basic Books, 1966.

5. Goldman-Rakic P. S. Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory // Handbook of Physiology: Nervous System, Higher Functions of the Brain, part 1. / Ed. by F Plum. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Association, 1987. P. 373-417.

6. Fuster J. The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997.

7. Fuster J. M. Temporal organization of behavior (Introduction) // Human Neurobiology. 1985. Vol. 4. P. 57-60.